|
Global Carnivorous Plant Diversity A Contribution from
the Carnivorous Plant Specialist Group (CPSG) of the International Union
for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN, SSC)
Jan Schlauer
Keywords: conservation: biodiversity, taxa.
Introduction
For species conservation and for taxonomic purposes it is necessary to
know the geographical distribution of the species concerned. The "value"
of a region as a resource of biodiversity is usually estimated from the
number of species occurring in and/or endemic to it. However, simple species
numbers are not always a reliable measure of biodiversity because they
depend on the circumscriptions of species, which can vary considerably
with the species concept applied. In order to arrive at a somewhat more
consolidated basis, taxonomic ranks above species (viz. section, genus,
and family) have been added in the present survey. Additionally, a division
between Lentibulariaceae + Byblidaceae (sympetalous plants) and the other
(dialypetalous) families has been made in order to reflect differences
between groups of different phylogenetic origin. The sympetalous families
are believed to be members of a younger group (appearing in Early Tertiary)
than the dialypetalous ones. While there are certainly young species in
several of the other groups (e.g. in Drosera), the respective families
are comparatively old (with assumedly pre-Tertiary origins).
In the following tables, the numbers of carnivorous plant species endemic
to/occurring in the world's floristic regions and provinces (as outlined
by Takhtajan, 1986) are given. Data were taken from the carnivorous plant
database on the internet (http://www.hpl.hp.com/bot/cp_home). The families
considered are: Droseraceae, Drosophyllaceae, Dioncophyllaceae, Nepenthaceae,
Cephalotaceae, Roridulaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Byblidaceae, and Lentibulariaceae.
Sectional classification follows Casper (1966) for Pinguicula,
Fromm-Trinta (1977) for Genlisea, Schlauer (1996) for Drosera,
and Taylor (1989) for Utricularia. No sections (i.e. only one section
for all species in the genus) were recognized in Nepenthes (the
genus does not show marked infrageneric differentiation above species
level, and former attempts at a sectional classification were obviously
artificial) and the remaining small genera.
Several taxa occur in more than one province, but some of these taxa
are restricted to a single region. Therefore, the count of taxa endemic
to a region may exceed the sum of taxa endemic to its constituent provinces.
The floristic regions and provinces are defined as follows:
|
I. Circumboreal Region
1 Arctic
2 Atlantic Europe
3 Central Europe
4 Illyria or Balkan
5 Pontus Euxinus
6 Caucasus
7 Eastern Europe
8 Northern Europe
9 Western Siberia
10 Altai-Sayan
11 Central Siberia
12 Transbaikalia
13 Northeastern Siberia
14 Okhotsk-Kamchatka
15 Canada incl. Great Lakes
II. Eastern Asiatic Region
16 Manchuria
17 Sakhalin-Hokkaido
18 Japan-Korea
19 Volcano-Bonin
20 Ryukyu or Tokara-Okinawa
21 Taiwan
22 Northern China
23 Central China
24 Southeastern China
25 Sikang-Yuennan
26 Northern Burma
27 Eastern Himalaya
28 Khasi-Manipur
III. North American Atlantic Region
29 Appalachians
30 Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain
31 North American Prairies
IV. Rocky Mountain Region
32 Vancouver
33 Rocky Mountains
V. Macaronesian Region
34 Azores
35 Madeira
36 Canaries
37 Cape Verde
VI. Mediterranean Region
38 Southern Morocco
39 Southwestern Mediterranean
40 South Mediterranean
41 Iberia
42 Baleares
43 Liguria-Tyrrhenia
44 Adriatic
45 East Mediterranean
46 Crimea-Novorossijsk
VII. Saharo-Arabian Region
47 Sahara
48 Egypt-Arabia
VIII. Irano-Turanian Region
49 Mesopotamia
50 Central Anatolia
51 Armenia-Iran
52 Hyrcania
53 Turania or Aralo-Caspia
54 Turkestan
55 Northern Baluchistan
56 Western Himalaya
57 Central Tien Shan
58 Dzungaria-Tien Shan
59 Mongolia
60 Tibet
IX. Madrean Region
61 Great Basin
62 California
63 Sonora
64 Mexican Highlands
X. Guineo-Congolian Region
65 Upper Guinea
66 Nigeria-Cameroon
67 Congo
XI. Usambara-Zululand Region
68 Zanzibar-Inhambane
69 Tongoland-Pondoland
XII. Sudano-Zambezian Region
70 Zambezi
71 Sahel
72 Sudan
73 Somalia-Ethiopia
74 South Arabia
75 Socotra
76 Oman
77 South Iran
78 Sindia
XIII. Karoo-Namib Region
79 Namibia
80 Namaland
81 Western Cape
82 Karoo
XIV. St.Helena and Ascension Region
83 St. Helena and Ascension
XV. Madagascan Region
84 Eastern Madagascar
85 Western Madagascar
86 Southern and Southwestern Madagascar
87 Comoro
88 Mascarenes
89 Seychelles
|
XVI. Indian Region
90 Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
91 Malabar
92 Deccan
93 Upper Gangetic Plain
94 Bengal
XVII. Indochinese Region
95 South Burma
96 Andamanes
97 South China
98 Thailand
99 North Indochina
100 Annam
101 South Indochina
XVIII. Malesian Region
102 Malaya
103 Borneo
104 Philippines
105 Sumatra
106 South Malesia
107 Celebes
108 Moluccas and W New Guinea
109 Papua
110 Bismarck Archipelago
XIX. Fijian Region
111 New Hebrides
112 Fiji
XX. Polynesian Region
113 Micronesia
114 Polynesia
XXI. Hawaiian Region
115 Hawaii
XXII. Neocaledonian Region
116 New Caledonia
XXIII. Caribbean Region
117 Central America
118 West Indies
119 Galapagos
XXIV. Region of the Guayana Highlands
120 Guayana
XXV. Amazonian Region
121 Amazonia
122 Llanos
XXVI. Brazilian Region
123 Caatingas
124 Central Brazilian Uplands
125 Chaco
126 Atlantic Brazil
127 Parana
XXVII. Andean Region
128 Northern Andes
129 Central Andes
XXVIII. Cape Region
130 Cape
XXIX. Northeast Australian Region
131 North Australia
132 Queensland
133 Southeast Australia
134 Tasmania
XXX. Southwest Australian Region
135 Southwest Australia
XXXI. Central Australian or Eremaean Region
136 Eremaea
XXXII. Fernandezian Region
137 Juan Fernandez
XXXIII. Chile-Patagonian Region
138 Northern Chile
139 Central Chile
140 Pampas
141 Patagonia
142 Tierra del Fuego
XXXIV. Region of the South Subantarctic Islands
143 Tristan-Gough
144 Kerguelen
XXXV. Neozeylandic Region
145 Lord Howe
146 Norfolk
147 Kermadec
148 Northern New Zealand
149 Central New Zealand
150 Southern New Zealand
151 Chatham
152 New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
|
Conclusions and Recommendations
Generally, centres with comparatively high numbers of indigenous carnivorous
plant taxa are also centres of carnivorous plant endemism (SW Australia
and the Malesian region for dialypetalous carnivorous plants, in the first
line the genera Drosera and Nepenthes, respectively; Mexico,
the Guayana Highland, and N Australia for sympetalous carnivorous plants,
in the first line Pinguicula and Utricularia). The areas
of greatest species richness are usually also rich in indigenous and endemic
sections. Generic and family diversity is fairly low in most regions (the
highest count of indigenous genera being five in SE N America and in Upper
Guinea, the highest family count being four in W New Guinea, NE and SW
Australia). Endemic genera are found in SE N America (Dionaea),
W N America (Darlingtonia), the SW Mediterranean (Drosophyllum),
Upper Guinea (Triphyophyllum), the Guayana Highland (Heliamphora),
the Cape region (Roridula), and SW Australia (Cephalotus).
Future efforts of species and especially of habitat conservation in connection
with carnivorous plants should take into account the global "importance"
of the floristic regions and provinces concerned. Floristic provinces
marked by high endemism should be given particular attention. Perhaps
surprisingly for some, areas of great carnivorous plant diversity (especially
at higher taxonomic ranks like genera and families) are not confined to
the tropics or to developing countries. It is to be hoped that this information
will reach the persons and organizations responsible for and in charge
of appropriate legislation.
|
|
Dialypetalous
|
Sympetalous
|
|
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
|
Region
|
Province
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
|
I
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
9
|
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
12
|
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
12
|
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
|
6
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
7
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
8
|
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
|
12
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
|
15
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
15
|
|
Total 15
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
26
|
|
II
|
16
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
|
17
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
|
18
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
2
|
13
|
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
|
21
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
7
|
|
22
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
23
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
8
|
|
24
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
7
|
|
25
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
10
|
|
26
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
8
|
|
27
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
11
|
|
28
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
10
|
|
Total 13
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
6
|
33
|
|
III
|
29
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
14
|
|
30
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
7
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
6
|
20
|
|
31
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
|
Total 3
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
11
|
17
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
8
|
23
|
|
IV
|
32
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
|
33
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
|
Total 2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
|
V
|
Total 4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| |
|
Dialypetalous
|
Sympetalous
|
| |
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
|
Region
|
Province
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
|
VI
|
38
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
39
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
6
|
|
40
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
|
41
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
5
|
|
42
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
|
43
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
|
44
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
45
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
|
46
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total 9
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
4
|
15
|
|
VII
|
Total 2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
VIII
|
49
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
50
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
51
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
52
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
53
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
54
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
|
55
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
56
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
57
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
58
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
59
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
60
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
16
|
|
Total 12
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
17
|
|
IX
|
61
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
62
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
|
63
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
|
64
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
10
|
36
|
42
|
|
Total 4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
10
|
36
|
43
|
|
X
|
65
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
4
|
27
|
|
66
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
11
|
2
|
26
|
|
67
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
1
|
25
|
|
Total 3
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
4
|
1
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
12
|
9
|
38
|
|
XI
|
68
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
69
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
8
|
|
Total 2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
8
|
|
|
Dialypetalous
|
Sympetalous
|
|
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
|
Region
|
Province
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
|
XII
|
70
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
6
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
11
|
8
|
36
|
|
71
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
18
|
|
72
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
73
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
11
|
|
74
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
75
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
76
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
77
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
78
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
|
Total 9
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
6
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
11
|
8
|
40
|
|
XIII
|
79
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
80
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
8
|
|
81
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
82
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total 4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
8
|
|
XIV
|
83
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
XV
|
84
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
18
|
|
85
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
86
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
87
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
88
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
89
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total 6
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
4
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
18
|
|
XVI
|
90
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
14
|
|
91
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
8
|
23
|
|
92
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
17
|
|
93
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
9
|
|
94
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
9
|
|
Total 5
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
6
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
12
|
27
|
|
XVII
|
95
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
11
|
|
96
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
10
|
|
97
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
6
|
1
|
9
|
|
98
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
1
|
15
|
|
99
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
8
|
|
100
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
14
|
|
101
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
19
|
|
Total 7
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
8
|
7
|
24
|
| |
|
Dialypetalous
|
Sympetalous
|
| |
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
|
Region
|
Province
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
|
XVIII
|
102
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
13
|
|
103
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
26
|
41
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
10
|
|
104
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
13
|
18
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
|
105
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
20
|
32
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
10
|
|
106
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
|
107
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
|
108
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
7
|
16
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
12
|
|
109
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
10
|
|
110
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total 9
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
81
|
92
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
4
|
23
|
|
XIX
|
Total 2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
XX
|
Total 2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
XXI
|
115
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
XXII
|
116
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
XXIII
|
117
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
19
|
6
|
35
|
|
118
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
13
|
7
|
26
|
|
119
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Total 3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
20
|
13
|
45
|
|
XXIV
|
120
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
8
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
19
|
17
|
45
|
|
XXV
|
121
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
5
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
15
|
5
|
41
|
|
122
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
8
|
|
Total 2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
6
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
15
|
6
|
41
|
|
XXVI
|
123
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
6
|
|
124
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
4
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
14
|
11
|
46
|
|
125
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
7
|
|
126
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
2
|
22
|
|
127
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
23
|
|
Total 5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
5
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
17
|
17
|
51
|
|
XXVII
|
128
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
2
|
15
|
|
129
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
16
|
|
Total 2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
22
|
|
XXVIII
|
130
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
15
|
15
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
5
|
|
XXIX
|
131
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
11
|
18
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
23
|
42
|
|
132
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
3
|
11
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
2
|
19
|
|
133
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
1
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
2
|
14
|
|
134
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
7
|
|
Total 4
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
18
|
30
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
11
|
33
|
52
|
|
XXX
|
135
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
10
|
63
|
69
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
11
|
14
|
|
XXXI
|
136
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
XXXII
|
137
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
Dialypetalous
|
Sympetalous
|
|
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
Families
|
Genera
|
Sections
|
Species
|
|
Region
|
Province
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
E
|
I
|
|
XXXIII
|
138
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
139
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
140
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
13
|
|
141
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
142
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Total 5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
14
|
|
XXXIV
|
Total 2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
XXXV
|
145
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
146
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
147
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
148
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
|
149
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
|
150
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
|
151
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
152
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| |
Total 8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
4
|
Table I. Global diversity of carnivorous plants. Numbers of taxa are
given. If no taxa occur in a region with more than one province, the null
data for the individual provinces have been omitted. E: endemic; I: indigenous.
References
Casper, S.J. 1966, Monographie der Gattung Pinguicula L., Biblioth.
Bot. 127/128: 1-209.
Fromm-Trinta, E. 1977, Tayloria Fromm-Trinta. Nova seção
do gênero Genlisea St.-Hil. (Lentibulariaceae), Boletim Mus.
Nac. Rio de J., n. s. Bot. 44: 1-4.
Schlauer, J. 1996, A Dichotomous Key to the Genus Drosera L. (Droseraceae),
Carniv. Pl. Newslett. 25: 67-88.
Takhtajan, A. 1986, Floristic Regions of the World, Berkeley, Los Angeles,
London: University of California Press.
Taylor, P.G. 1989, The Genus Utricularia, Kew Bull. Add. Ser.
14: 1-724.
|
